The EYE and its treatments and surgeries used to be taken as a profession in ophthalmology during old Islamic civilization, just as surgery which used to be a completely independent branch of medicine. A glance on numerous works done and written on the EYE and its treatments during Islamic era illustrates the fact that Islamic physicians knew most of EYE diseases, and posed some theories about the EYE and its diseases in theirs books. The present study tries to scrutinize on Muslim physicians’ ideas about EYE NEOPLASM, its causes and treatment and to compare them with modern medicine. This is a descriptive-analytic library research aiming at highlighting Muslim physicians’ perceptions of EYE NEOPLASM and their suggested treatments. The results showed theories of EYE NEOPLASM posed by Muslims and also their suggested treatments were of totally scientific bases and in accordance with modern medicine sources and methods.

On encountering an EYElid or orbital mass, apart from common skin lesions, the diagnosis requires systemic evaluation, radiological and eventually histological confirmation. The majority are uncommon conditions for ophthalmologists.1 The presenting signs in all soft tissue NEOPLASMs and carcinomas are rather similar with lid swelling and proptosis. In this edition Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), granular cell tumor (GCT) and EYElid conjunctival amyloidosis have been reported. In all the diagnosis is based on confirmation of an adnexal mass and by imaging followed by a histopathological report along with systemic investigation.

Intraocular metastatic tumors have been increasingly reported in the recent past. Unlike choroidal metastasis, metastasis to retina is very rare and so far has been reported in very few case reports only. A 56 year-old male who presented with a history of adenocarcinoma of the cecum and underwent lap colectomy for the primary cecal tumor, received adjuvant chemotherapy for a year after surgery and decided to stop. He was also diagnosed with metastasis to liver and lung at this time. He presented with left EYE pain, pressure and decreased vision suspicious for retinal metastasis from cecal primary lesion, 2 years after initial diagnosis. A mass of 5 x 10 mm was found on ophthalmoscopic examination and on ultrasound of the EYE, in spite of normal results of MRI of the orbit. Palliative radiation therapy of the left EYE resulted in decreased EYE pressure and improved vision. As retinal metastasis carries a poorer prognosis due to higher risk of spread to central nervous system, the diagnosis of retinal metastasis in case of gastrointestinal cancers patients who present with vision changes should be made urgently. These patients should be thoroughly investigated with a synergistic approach of opthalmoscopic examination, ultrasound of the EYE along with other imaging modalities like MRI of the orbit and just not MRI of orbit. Immediate action in the form of surgical or radiation treatments of the metastatic tumors of the EYE should be instituted early on for a better prognosis.

Background: Pancreatic simple cysts are smaller than the complex cysts and are located in distal areas of pancreas. Papillary solid and cystic tumor is a rare NEOPLASM in children and elderly, and often occurs in young women and girls.Case Report: A forty-year-old woman with a history of epigastria pain for five years had referred several times to medical centers was conducted to be candidate to pancreatic systectomy with general anesthesia. She underwent distal pancreatectomy. Patient postoperative follow-up was continued.Conclusion: Papillary solid and cystic tumor of the pancreas is a rare NEOPLASM with unknown origin and often benign. It presents with vague abdominal pain. Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT-scan would help to make diagnosis before the surgery. Surgery is the choice treatment and the diagnosis would be proved with histology and immunohistochemistry.

Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors are relatively infrequent NEOPLASMs that account for approximately 8% of all primary ovarian NEOPLASM. Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary include granulosa cell tumors, fibrothecomas, Sertoli-Leydigcell tumors, steroid cell tumors, and sclerosing stromal tumors (SST). Sclerosing stromal tumors account for 2% to 6% of ovarian stromal tumors. Despite the rarity of this particular NEOPLASM, it is not always possible to predict the presence of this tumor preoperatively on the basis of clinical and sonographic findings. Histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations confirm the diagnosis. Herein, the clinical findings and histopathological features of SST are described in a 24-year-old female.

Purpose: To describe the clinical and histopathological findings of a case of intraocular metastasis due to colorectal adenocarcinoma and to carry out a literature review. Case Report: A 64-year-old man with a history of tumor resection due to infiltrating colorectal adenocarcinoma three years previously sought ophthalmological care because of severe ocular pain without response to medical treatment and progressive vision loss in the left EYE. On ultrasonographic examination, there was a heterogeneous intraocular choroidal tumor, which occupied approximately 40% of the vitreous cavity, as well as peritumoral serous retinal detachment. The patient underwent left EYEball enucleation. The histopathological diagnosis was metastatic tubular adenocarcinoma involving the retina and choroid that partially infiltrated the sclera and the proximal optic nerve. Conclusion: The present case highlights a rare pathological entity associated with variable therapeutic schemes and survival times and poor prognosis in patients with metastatic intraocular tumors due to colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal tumors originating from perivascular epithelioid cells. The second common affected organ is uterine. Most of PEComas are benign and patients have good prognosis. At the present time, surgery is the main treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy is used in malignant cases, although the best diagnostic and management method is yet to be discovered considering the rarity of this NEOPLASM. Case Presentation: The patient was a 53 year old lady with a history of two vaginal deliveries and no previous surgery. She had severe pelvic pain and underwent MRI with the primary impression of sarcoma. In MRI, she had a 7 cm mass in lower segment of uterus. The patient underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, lymphadenectomy, and omental biopsy in Jam Hospital. Pathologic report of the patient revealed malignant PEComa without lymph node and omentum involvement. Conclusion: Diagnosis of PEComa before surgery is difficult and its differential diagnoses form uterine leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma. Final diagnosis can be made after surgical biopsy and immunohistochemistry evaluation. Surgery is still the main treatment and adjuvant therapy is used in high risk patients.

Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), occur relatively frequently during the early years of life. They are the most common solid tumors of childhood and are second only to leukemia in overall cancer incidence and account for a high proportion of deaths. In different studied performed in several countries, astrocytomas and other gilomas (combined) account for half of the CNS malignancies, followed by PNET/MB, and ependymomas, and then craniopharyngioma. We have undertaken a perspective study with 349 brain tumor patients, ranging from 0-14 years of age, throughout a five- year period (1998-2003). Who were admitted in Tabriz children hospital or were diagnosed in Tabriz Hafez imaging center, during radiological evaluation by CT. Craniopharyngioma was the most common type of tumors among patients studied in our Series, and astrocytomas was second and medulloblastoma was third common type. The Male/Female proportion of patients in total brain tumors according to our results is 1.56 and it is similar to previous studies. About medulloblastoma and ependymomas, Male/Female proportion of patients in this study is less than 1 (0.88, 0.7), but in previous series it seems to be more than 1 (about 1.4). Age- related distribution of brain tumors in children under the age 14 was similar to that of other series to some extent. Also, since the causes and risk factors of CNS cancers remain largely undetermined, we could not reach a significant relationship between the tumors and residency of patients. Hope our results make a useful for the future studies in this field, and differences obtained in this study with results of other series, can help us more and more in management and treatment strategies in brain tumors in children of our population.

Background: Stress is a migraine trigger. Anxiety sensitivity as a mediator between stress and disease is one of the factors affecting the symptoms of migraine. Purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of EYE Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on anxiety sensitivity in patients with migraine.Methods: In this semi experimental study, 36 patients with migraine were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Patients of experimental group received EMDR therapy, 3 sessions of 90 minutes within three weeks. Control group did not receive any medical or psychological intervention. Participants in both groups were evaluated with Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory- Revised (ASI-R) during pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up.Findings: The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that EYE movement desensitization and reprocessing reduces anxiety sensitivity (P<0.05) in patients.Conclusion: The results suggest that EMDR can be considered as one of the therapies for migraine headaches.